MFC Programmer's SourceBook : Thinking in C++

Thinking in C++ 2nd edition
VERSION TICA14

Revision history:

ToDo: Differentiate copy-assignment operator= from other forms of operator=. HorseRace game as example of random number generator in early chapter?

TICA14, March 28, 1999. Rewrote Chapter 2 and 3. I think they’re both finished. Chapter 3 is rather big since it covers C syntax fundamentals, along with some C++ basics. Added many exercises to Chapters 2 & 3, to complete them both. Chapter 3 was a “hump” chapter; I think the others in section one shouldn’t be as hard. Tried to conform all code in the book to the convention of “type names start with uppercase letters, functions and variables start with lowercase letters”).

TICA13, March 9, 1999. Thorough rewrite of chapter one, including the addition of UML diagrams. I think chapter one is finished, now. Reorganized material elsewhere in the book, but that is still in transit. My goal right now is to move through all the chapters in section one, in order.

TICA12, January 15, 1999. Lots of work done on the Design Patterns chapter. All the exsting programs are now modified and redesigned (significantly!) to compile under C++. Added several new examples. Much of the prose in this chapter still needs work, and more patterns and examples are forthcoming. Changed ExtractCode.cpp so that it generates “bugs” targets for each makefile, containing all the files that won’t compile with a particular compiler so they can be re-checked with new compilers. Generates a master in the book’s root directory called makefile.bugs which descends into each subdirectory and executes make with “bugs” as a target and the –i flag so you’ll see all the errors.

TICA11, January 7, 1999. Completed the STL Algorithms chapter (significant additions and changes), edited and added examples the STL containers chapter. Added many exercises at the ends of both chapters. I consider these both completed now. Added an example or two to the strings chapter.

TICA10, December 28, 1998. Complete rewrite of the ExtractCode.cpp program to automatically generate makefiles for each compiler that the book tests, excluding files that the compiler can’t handle (these are in a special list in the appendices, so you can see what breaks a compiler, and you can create your own). You now don’t need to extract the files yourself (although you still can, for special cases) but instead you just download and unzip a file. All the files in the book (with the exception of the files that are still in Java) now compile with at least one Standard C++ compiler. Added the trim.h, SiteMapConvert.cpp and StringCharReplace.cpp examples to the strings chapter. Added the ProgVals example to chapter 20. Removed all the strlwr( ) uses (it’s a non-standard function).

TICA9, December 15, 1998. Massive work completed on the STL Algorithms chapter; it’s quite close to being finished. The long delay was because (1) This chapter took a lot of research and thinking, including other research such as templates; you’ll notice the “advanced templates” chapter has more in it’s outline (2) I was traveling and giving seminars, etc. I’m entering a two-month hiatus where I’m primarily working on the book and should get a lot accomplished.

TICA8, September 26, 1998. Completed the STL containers chapter.

TICA7, August 14, 1998. Strings chapter modified. Other odds and ends.

TICA6, August 6, 1998. Strings chapter added, still needs some work but it’s in fairly good shape. The basic structure for the STL Algorithms chapter is in place and “just” needs to be filled out. Reorganized the chapters; this should be very close to the final organization (unless I discover I’ve left something out).

TICA5, August 2, 1998: Lots of work done on this version. Everything compiles (except for the design patterns chapter with the Java code) under Borland C++ 5.3. This is the only compiler that even comes close, but I have high hopes for the next verison of egcs. The chapters and organization of the book is starting to take on more form. A lot of work and new material added in the “STL Containers” chapter (in preparation for my STL talks at the Borland and SD conferences), although that is far from finished. Also, replaced many of the situations in the first edition where I used my home-grown containers with STL containers (typically vector). Changed all header includes to new style (except for C programs): <iostream> instead of < iostream.h>, <cstdlib> instead of <stdlib.h>, etc. Adjustment of namespace issues (“using namespace std” in .cpp files, full qualification of names in header files). Added appendix A to describe coding style (including namespaces). Added “ require.h” error testing code and used it universally. Rearranged header include order to go from more general to more specific (consistency and style issue described in appendix A). Replaced ‘main( ) {}’ form with ‘int main( ) { }’ form (this relies on the default “return 0” behavior, although some compilers, notably VC++, give warnings). Went through and implemented the class naming policy (following the Java/Smalltalk policy of starting with uppercase etc.) but not the member functions/data members (starting with lowercase etc.). Added appendix A on coding style. Tested code with my modified version of Borland C++ 5.3 (cribbed a corrected ostream_iterator from egcs and <sstream> from elsewhere) so not all the programs will compile with your compiler (VC++ in particular has a lot of trouble with namespaces). On the web site, I added the broken-up versions of the files for easier downloads.

TICA4, July 22, 1998: More changes and additions to the “CGI Programming” section at the end of Chapter 23. I think that section is finished now, with the exception of corrections.

TICA3, July 14, 1998: First revision with content editing (instead of just being a posting to test the formatting and code extraction process). Changes in the end of Chapter 23, on the “CGI Programming” section. Minor tweaks elsewhere. RTF format should be fixed now.

TICA2, July 9, 1998: Changed all fonts to Times and Courier (which are universal); changed distribution format to RTF (readable by most PC and Mac Word Processors, and by at least one on Linux: StarOffice from http://www.caldera.com. Please let me know if you know about other RTF word processors under Linux).

__________________________________________________________________________

The instructions on the web site ( http://www.BruceEckel.com/ThinkingInCPP2e.html) show you how to extract code for both Win32 systems and Linux (only Red Hat Linux 5.0/5.1 has been tested). The contents of the book, including the contents of the source-code files generated during automatic code extraction, are not intended to indicate any accurate or finished form of the book or source code.

Please only add comments/corrections using the form found on http://www.BruceEckel.com/ThinkingInCPP2e.html

Please note that the book files are only available in Rich Text Format (RTF) or plain ASCII text without line breaks (that is, each paragraph is on a single line, so if you bring it into a typical text editor that does line wrapping, it will read decently). Please see the Web page for information about word processors that support RTF. The only fonts used are Times and Courier (so there should be no font difficulties); if you find any other fonts please report the location.

Thanks for your participation in this project.

Bruce Eckel

“This book is a tremendous achievement. You owe it to yourself to have a copy on your shelf. The chapter on iostreams is the most comprehensive and understandable treatment of that subject I’ve seen to date.”

Al Stevens

Contributing Editor, Doctor Dobbs Journal

“Eckel’s book is the only one to so clearly explain how to rethink program construction for object orientation. That the book is also an excellent tutorial on the ins and outs of C++ is an added bonus.”

Andrew Binstock

Editor, Unix Review

“Bruce continues to amaze me with his insight into C++, and Thinking in C++ is his best collection of ideas yet. If you want clear answers to difficult questions about C++, buy this outstanding book.”

Gary Entsminger

Author, The Tao of Objects

“Thinking in C++ patiently and methodically explores the issues of when and how to use inlines, references, operator overloading, inheritance and dynamic objects, as well as advanced topics such as the proper use of templates, exceptions and multiple inheritance. The entire effort is woven in a fabric that includes Eckel’s own philosophy of object and program design. A must for every C++ developer’s bookshelf, Thinking in C++ is the one C++ book you must have if you’re doing serious development with C++.”

Richard Hale Shaw

Contributing Editor, PC Magazine

Thinking

C++

Bruce Eckel

President, MindView Inc.

Prentice Hall PTR

Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458

http://www.phptr.com Publisher: Alan Apt

Production Editor: Mona Pompilli

Development Editor: Sondra Chavez

Book Design, Cover Design and Cover Photo:

Daniel Will-Harris, daniel@will-harris.com

Copy Editor: Shirley Michaels

Production Coordinator: Lori Bulwin

Editorial Assistant: Shirley McGuire

Published by Prentice Hall Inc.

A Paramount Communications Company

Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey 07632

The information in this book is distributed on an “as is” basis, without warranty. While every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this book, neither the author nor the publisher shall have any liability to any person or entitle with respect to any liability, loss or damage caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly by instructions contained in this book or by the computer software or hardware products described herein.

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any electronic or mechanical means including information storage and retrieval systems without permission in writing from the publisher or author, except by a reviewer who may quote brief passages in a review. Any of the names used in the examples and text of this book are fictional; any relationship to persons living or dead or to fictional characters in other works is purely coincidental.

Printed in the United States of America

10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

ISBN 0-13-917709-4

Prentice-Hall International (UK) Limited, London

Prentice-Hall of Australia Pty. Limited, Sydney

Prentice-Hall Canada, Inc., Toronto

Prentice-Hall Hisapnoamericana, S.A., Mexico

Prentice-Hall of India Private Limited, New Delhi

Prentice-Hall of Japan, Inc., Tokyo

Simon & Schuster Asia Pte. Ltd., Singapore

Editora Prentice-Hall do Brasil, Ltda., Rio de Janeiro dedication

to the scholar, the healer, and the muse

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Thinking in C++ 2nd edition VERSION TICA14

Thinking in C++ 2nd edition
VERSION TICA14